Belum Caves, the longest cave system in Andhra Pradesh, stands as a testament to natural beauty and historical significance. Located about 110 kilometers from Kurnool and 30 kilometers from Nandyal, these caves are a must-visit for tourists seeking an extraordinary subterranean adventure. Designated as a “Unique Eco-Tourism Project” by the Government of India, Belum Caves attract thousands of visitors annually. Here’s a comprehensive guide to the wonders of Belum Caves.
Historical Background and Discovery:
Belum Caves, known locally as Belum Guhalu, derive their name from the Sanskrit word ‘Bilum,’ meaning ‘cave.’ Discovered in 1884 by British geologist H.B. Foote and extensively explored by European speleologists led by Mr. Gebaner in the early 1980s, the caves were developed into a significant tourist attraction by the Andhra Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation (APTDC) in February 2002.
Unique Features of Belum Caves:
Geological Marvels:
Formed from black limestone, Belum Caves feature extensive passages, spacious chambers, siphons, and fresh water galleries. The most notable formations are the intricate stalactites and stalagmites. Some chambers even have natural acoustic properties, producing musical sounds when struck.
Archaeological Significance:
Artifacts and relics dating back to the pre-Buddhism era, around 4500 BCE, have been discovered during excavations. These findings highlight the historical and cultural importance of the caves.
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Key Attractions in Belum Caves:
- Pillidwaram (Cat’s Gate): This natural archway resembles a lion’s head, creating a dramatic entrance to the caves.
- Kotilingalu Chamber: Named for its numerous stalactite formations resembling Shiva lingams, this chamber also features a massive pillar formed by the joining of a stalactite and stalagmite.
- Patalaganga: The deepest point in the cave system, featuring a perennial stream that adds to the mystical atmosphere.
- Saptasvarala Guha (Musical Chamber): Opened to the public in 2006, this chamber is known for producing musical sounds when the stalactites are struck.
- Dhyan Mandir (Meditation Hall): Believed to have been used by Buddhist monks, this hall features a natural formation resembling a bed and pillow, ideal for meditation.
- Thousand Hoods: This part of the cave has a ceiling covered with formations that look like the hoods of cobras, creating a visually stunning effect.
- Banyan Tree Hall: Featuring a large pillar with stalactites that resemble the aerial roots of a banyan tree, this formation is popularly known as Voodalamari.
- Mandapam: A spacious area within the cave adorned with magnificent stalactite structures, resembling pillars supporting the ceiling.
- Buddha Statue: Outside the caves, a 40-foot statue of Buddha seated on a lotus flower stands on a hillock, symbolizing peace and serenity.
- Saint Bed: Another significant feature, Saint Bed holds great historical significance with its grey-colored rocks and strong structure.
Visitor Information:
Timings: Belum Caves are open to the public every day from 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM.
Entry Fees:
- Adults: Rs. 50
- Children: Rs. 25
- Foreign Tourists: Rs. 300
- Guide Charges: Free
Facilities: The path inside the caves is well-maintained, with fresh air pumped in at regular intervals and adequate lighting. Only 1.5 km of the cave is accessible to visitors.
Tips for Visitors: It is advisable to carry water, a powerful torch, and be prepared for a fascinating journey through this underground marvel.
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How to Reach Belum Caves:
- By Air: The nearest airport is GMR Rajiv Gandhi Hyderabad International Airport, approximately 305 km away.
- By Rail: The nearest railway station is Nandyal, located 30 km from the caves.
- By Road: Belum Caves are 110 km from Kurnool and 326 km from Hyderabad. Visitors can take the Bangalore Highway to Kurnool and then travel by train, bus, or car to reach the caves.
Accommodation and Amenities:
Accommodation near Belum Caves is limited. APTDC operates a dormitory near the caves, offering budget-friendly lodging at Rs. 40 per head. Visitors are advised to carry their own food, as there is only one canteen serving vegetarian meals, and no other shops are nearby.
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Conclusion:
Belum Caves, with their unique geological formations and rich historical background, offer a remarkable experience for those looking to explore one of India’s most intriguing underground landscapes. Whether you’re a history buff, a nature enthusiast, or simply seeking a new adventure, Belum Caves is a destination that should not be missed.
